How to Evaluate People’s Perception of Peace Agreement Implementation

Author: Maria José Daza Bohorquez

Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, Keough School of Global Affairs, January 2022

The Peace Agreement signed between the Government of Colombia and the Armed Revolutionary Forces of Colombia (FARC-EP) in November 2016 has been recognized as one of the most comprehensive peace agreements signed following civil conflict. According to the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies,...

Topics: Culture & Society, Peacebuilding

Patterns of Armed Conflict Recurrence among Peace Agreement Signatories

Authors: Jason Quinn, Sally Sharif

Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, Keough School of Global Affairs, January 2022

Armed conflict recurrence among signatories of a Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) is not nearly as common a phenomenon as many believe. Despite the oft-noted claim that most peace agreements fail, three out of four CPAs were successful at maintaining peace among the signatories. When...

The Limited Impact of Partial Peace Agreements: What Other Countries Can Learn from Colombia’s Historic Quest for Peace

Authors: Madhav Joshi, Ana Mercedes Sánchez-Ramírez

Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, Keough School of Global Affairs, January 2022

As of December 2019, nineteen out of thirty-five countries with at least one active armed conflict had more than one active armed group. In the Western Hemisphere, Colombia has been the only country to experience more than one armed conflict for over half a...

Topics: Peacebuilding

How to Canton Ex-Combatants: Lessons from Peacebuilding with the FARC

Author: Sally Sharif

Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, Keough School of Global Affairs, January 2022

Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs have become an essential part of peace processes, sometimes constituting an important piece of peace negotiations and peace agreements. They generally aim at disbanding rebel wartime structures for the purpose of peace. However, when dealing with rebel groups...

Topics: Peacebuilding, Policy

International Humanitarian Law: The Guiding Light for Designing and Implementing Peace Agreements

Authors: Isabel Güiza-Gómez, Jason Quinn, Josefina Echavarría Alvarez

Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, Keough School of Global Affairs, January 2022

Responding to crimes committed during armed conflict often presents a challenge for negotiators and peacemakers. This brief outlines how International Humanitarian Law (IHL) can provide a framework during negotiations for peace and can later facilitate implementation of peace agreements. IHL is a set of...

Topics: Civil & Human Rights, Peacebuilding, Policy

How to Integrate Peace Agreements into Public Policy

Authors: Ivonne Zúñiga, Elise Ditta, Patrick McQuestion

Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, Keough School of Global Affairs, January 2022

Comprehensive Peace Agreements (CPAs) have been translated into public policy through many mechanisms, including implementation timelines, legislative reforms, new institutions, and peace policy plans. The 2016 Colombian Peace Agreement stipulates all these mechanisms, in addition to including an extensive peace policy document, the Framework...

Topics: Peacebuilding, Policy

Subsistence Rights and Nigeria’s Continuing Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

Authors: Diane Desierto, Fidelis Olokunboro

Pulte Institute for Global Development, Keough School of Global Affairs, November 2021

It is a continuing paradox in 2021 that Nigeria is a country of vast natural resources and energy reserves, Africa’s largest oil producer, and a powerful member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), yet poverty and inequality remain extremely rampant. Forty percent...

Topics: Business & Economics, Civil & Human Rights, Governance, Policy

Religion Beyond Memes: Enhancing Public Discourse About Faith and Practice

Author: Ansari Institute for Global Engagement with Religion

Ansari Institute for Global Engagement with Religion, Keough School of Global Affairs, December 2021

This conference report is based on the third of a series of conferences dedicated to “Changing the Conversation about Religion,” organized by the Contending Modernities research initiative within the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, part of the University of Notre Dame’s Keough School...

Topics: Religion

Hyperinflation in Venezuela

Authors: Lakshmi Iyer, Francisco Rodríguez

Keough School of Global Affairs, September 2021

Venezuela entered hyperinflation at the end of 2017, preceded by several years of large budget deficits and declining oil revenues. Despite many policy attempts to bring inflation under control, including currency redenomination, introduction of a new cryptocurrency, allowing de facto dollarization, and easing price...

Topics: Business & Economics, Policy